Biology H-Mr.Willets
Bacteria
Pg 467-468
1) What are the two Kingdoms of bacteria? ____________________ and ______________________
Which are the common bacteria we call"germs" ____________________ Which are the more ancient form? _____________________ What about their name tells us we think they are an old form of life? ___________________
2) In Kingdom Archaebacteria are the methanogens- these get energy by changing carbon dioxide and hydrogen into ________________________ These live where there is no ________________ For example, in the bottoms of ________________ or in the __________________ of humans and other animals.
In your intestines, these are responsible for the gases produced.
3) Extreme halophiles live where there is a high concentration of ________________ Give 2 examples of such places ___________________________________ What name is given to the archaebacteria that live in high acidity and high temperatures? ___________________________
Pg 470-471
4) Eubacteria come in three shapes- what names are given to these shapes and what are the shapes/
___________________ - ________________________
___________________ - ________________________
___________________ - ________________________
5) What prefix means the cells are attached to form chains? _________________ What prefix means the cells are grouped in clusters? ____________________ What do you suppose is meant if a eubacteria is called "diplococcus" _________________________________________________________
6) The Gram stain method can identify types of eubacteria because of differences in the _________________ of the bacteria.
pg 472
7) Cyanobacteria get food using __________________________ They were once called
___________________ algae. These eubacteria are probably similar to the first cells that used photosynthesis. These bacteria can grow in great quantity when lakes have an over-abundance of nutrients.
8) Spirochetes are a type of eubacteria that have which shape? ____________________ What disease is caused by a spirochete? _________________________
pg 473
9) Where do enteric bacteria live? ________________________ Give two examples of enteric bacteria
____________________________ which produces vitamin ______ and helps digest food and _____________________________ which can cause _____________________________
10) Chemoautotrophs use ____________________ processes to get energy These include Rhizobium which is a ____________________________ bacteria. These are able to take atmospheric __________________ and change it into a usable form for plants.
Pg 475
11) When conditions become harsh, some bacteria will form ____________________. This consists of the cell's ___________ surrounded by a ___________________________ When conditions become favorable, the endospore will ______________________________________________
Pg 476
12) Saprophytes feed on ____________________________ Photoautotrophs use ______________ to make food.
13) If a bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen it is called an __________________________
14) _____________________________ can live with or without oxygen
15) ______________________________ must have oxygen
Pg 477
16) DNA from bacteria can be recombined in three ways
a) _________________________ - bacteria take in DNA from the _____________________
(this is put into the environment when a bacteria dies)
b) _________________________ - one bacteria transfers some DNA to another
c) _________________________- a ___________ transfers DNA from one host cell to another
pg 478-479
17) The study of disease is called _________________________
18) What name is given to the poisons some bacteria produce? _________________ What are the two types of these? ________________________ and _________________________
19) Medicines that combat bacteria are called _______________________________
How does penicillin slow bacterial growth? _________________________________________
How does tetracycline work? ______________________________
20) Use the chart Pg 478) to list the ways in which bacteria are spread to people-
pg 480
21) Give examples of how bacteria can be useful to us.