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Biology CP Chpt. 1

 

Living Thing- organism
species- organisms of a certain type

What we study about organisms

1) Evolution- species change over time- those species with traits favorable to the environment survive- Such traits are called adaptations. Organisms with these traits have adapted to the environment.

2) Reproduction
inheritance- passing on traits
DNA - chemical that has genetic information
Gene- a section of DNA that has the info for a trait
Offspring- New organisms produced by the parents

Sexual Reproduction- offspring has new combination of DNA - new organism

Asexual reproduction- offspring with same DNA as parent- clone

Reproduction is not needed for the survival of individuals but is needed for survival of species

3) Development- the changes that occur as organisms goes from one cell to mature adult (capable of reproduction)

4) Structure and Function

Anatomy and physiology

Form Follows Function-

Organisms are made of cells- unicellular or multicellular organisms

5) Growth by assimilation- take in materials from environment and change them into the own cellular material

6) Energy Use-

All organisms use energy

Autotrophs get energy from the environment and convert it into a useful form (make food)

Heterotrophs- eat food made by autotrophs

Most autotrophs capture light energy using the process photosynthesis

Some food is used to make needed chemicals or make and repair cells- some is "burned" to release the energy for the organism to use. (Respiration)

The total of the chemical processes of an organism is called its metabolism.

7) Stimulus / response : organisms respond to changes in the environment

Complex responses are called behavior Cold---> shiver---> put on coat

Many responses are designed to keep the organism in balance with the environment- this is called maintaining homeostasis

8) Ecology - the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment.

OTHER STUFF

hypothesis

Controlled Exp - Double blind exp / placebo (See other sheet)

Microscope- Go over lab sheet