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General Intro Material
Themes of Biology
Microscope
Controlled Experiment
Labs- 2 general microscope work / 1 microscopic measurement
General Chemistry
Biochemistry- solutions / suspensions / colloids
organic / inorganic
proteins / amino acids/ enzymes
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids (just a mention-covered later)
Labs - a)Molecular Models b) Chemical tests for organic molecules in foods
General cell structure and function
Labs- 2 labs viewing different cell types
Cell Transport- diffusion / osmosis
isotonic / hypotonic / hypertonic solutions
active / passive transport
bulk transport
Lab- Various examples of diffusion / osmosis
ATP / ADP Energy transfer
Photosynthesis-general description
pigment functions
Light Phase / Synthetic Phase
Lab- a) Leaf structure b) Pigment separation by paper chromatography
Respiration- glycolysis
aerobic / anaerobic
Krebs Cycle / Electron Transport Chain
Lab- Factors that affect yeast fermentation of sugar
DNA Structure and Function
Genetic Code
Protein Synthesis
Transcription / Translation
Lab- Molecular model of DNA
Cell Cycle-
Mitosis
Meiosis
Asexual / Sexual Reproduction
Labs- a) Mitosis in onion root tip Mitosis b) Starfish developmental stages
Genetics- Classic Mendelian - dominant / recessive , genes in pairs, hybrid / pure, law of segregation, law of independent assortment, Punnett Square, crosses involving two traits,
Mutations / sex determination etc.
Human Genetics- diseases et al.
Genetic Engineering
Labs- a) Blood typing (simulated) & paternity b) Drosophila (fruit flies)
Evolution- Spontaneous Generation/ Biogenesis
Origin of Life
Theories of Evolution (mostly Darwin)
Patterns of Evolution
gradualism / punctuated equilibrium
co-evolution
divergent / convergent evolution
stabilizing /disruptive / directional natural selection
Human Evolution
Taxonomy / 2 Domains / 6 Kingdoms / Taxonomic Groups
Labs- a) Human evolution b) Taxonomic Grouping c) Dichotomous Key
NOTE - This section is done mostly by the student over February vacation using an information packet.
Ecology- Ecosystems, communities, populations, niche
Terrestrial ecosystems
Aquatic ecosystems- marine/fresh
Trophic levels- food chains/webs
Cycles- carbon / oxygen, nitrogen, water
Man's effect on the environment
Viruses- basic structure and function
Bacteria- basic structure and function
Disease- transmission of disease, body defenses, prevention
Lab-a) Bacterial Growth on agar b) Bacteria types-slides
Protists- Protozoans: 4 phyla- some details
Algae: general descriptions- few details about the phyla
Fungi- brief description
Labs- a) Live protozoa b) live and preserved algae c) fungus slides
Plants- Description of plants groups with emphasis on evolutionary advances.
Plant (angiosperm) anatomy done in labs
Labs- a) Roots- prepared slides b) Stems- prepared slides c) Flowers- specimens d) Dicot Seed
Invertebrate traits in general-
A) Phylum Porifera- structure and function
B) Phylum Cnidaria- structure and function
Lab -Prepared slides/ preserved specimens / live Hydra
C) Phylum Platyhelminthes- structure and function
D) Phylum Nematoda- structure and function
(With both phyla, concentration on parasitic members)
E) Phylum Annelida- structure and function
Labs - a) Flatworms - preserved and live b) Ascaris dissection c) Earthworm dissection
F) Phylum Mollusca- structure and function
G) Phylum Arthropoda- structure and function-
Labs - a) Mussel dissection b) Crayfish - external anatomy c) Grasshopper - external anatomy
H) Phylum Echinodermata- structure and function
Preserved specimens tp look at
Vertebrates- General Characteristics
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
(For each of these vertebrates, there is a general description, how they are adapted to their life style and the evolutionary changes that produced each group from the others)
Labs- a) Fish- external anatomy b) Frog dissection
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