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1) Which of the following structures in muscles cells would most likely increase in number as a result of athletic training? a) nucleus b) nucleolus c) mitochondria d) chloroplast
2) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids all contain
carbon, hydrogen and a) nitrogen b) sulfur c) oxygen
d) phosphorous
3) The energy from foods is not used directly. It is stored in a high energy molecule called a) ATP b)ADP c)DNA d) STP
4) Y=yellow seeds y=green seeds R=round seeds r=wrinkled seeds The genotype of a yellow wrinkled seed could be represented as a) YYrr b) YYRr c) YYRR d) yyrr
5) Which of the following is true about cellular respiration? a) it occurs in all plants and animals b) it occurs in all animals but only in a few plants c) it occurs in all plants but only in a few animals d) it occurs only in animals
6) A cell wall and chloroplasts are found in a) plant cells b) animal cells c) fungal cells d) epidermal cells
7) Marilyn's black cat had a litter of 6 kittens - 4 black and 2 brown. The allele B is dominant and produces a black color. The allele b is recessive and produces a brown color. Which of the following genotypes might represent the mother cat and father cat of the litter a) BB x BB b) BB x Bb c) bb x bb d) Bb x Bb
8) DNA evidence can be used to scientifically prove the identity of an individual because
a) chromosomes are unique to individuals and may be easily
obtained from blood or skin samples
b) DNA combines with chemicals in human sweat and leaves an
identifiable trace
c) genes for hair and eye color are easy to identify in cells
d) DNA is made from food that can be related to an individual's
diet
9) Which statement about photosynthesis and respiration is true
a) photosynthesis stores energy and respiration releases
energy
b) respiration stores energy and photosynthesis releases energy
c) photosynthesis and respiration are the same process
d) photosynthesis and respiration do not have anything to do with
energy
10) The cell structure that makes a plant cell more rigid than an
animal cell is the a) cell membrane
b) cytoplasm c) cell wall d) ribosome
11) If the number of trees significantly decreases, the level of which gas in the atmosphere might increase? a) nitrogen b) carbon dioxide c) carbon monoxide d) hydrogen
12) Genes are the basic unit of heredity. Genetic information is
encoded in a linear sequence along
a) amino acids b) fatty acids c) nucleic acids d) carbohydrates
13) Which statement about plant and animal cells is true? a) plant cells have a nucleus and a cell wall, animals cells have neither of these b) plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells have neither of these c) plants cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane, animal cells have a cell wall but not a cell membrane d) plants cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria, animal cells have chloroplasts but not mitochondria
14) Cells that use a great amount of energy usually contain
numerous a) lysosomes b) ribosomes
c) vacuoles d) mitochondria
15) Comparison of bones can be used as evidence of common ancestry
because the bones are similar in
a) structure b) mass c) age d) calcium deposits
16) The hereditary information contained in the nucleus of human cells controls all of the following except a) eye color b) skin color c) pierced ears d) hair type
17) A number of insecticides do not kill insects as effectively as they once did. This is probably because
a) the environment has changed b) some insects have developed tolerance to insecticides and survive to produce offspring c) the insecticides are from different manufacturers d) the climate is becoming warmer
18) Color blindness is a sex linked gene. Males are more likely to be color-blind than females because color blindness is a) dominant in one sex and recessive in the other b) influenced by the hormones present in the individual c) carried only on the X-chromosome and males have only one X-chromosome d) carried only on the Y-chromosomes and the female does not have the Y-chromosome
19) Human blood types A, B, AB, and O are determined by multiple alleles. If one parent is heterozygous for type A (AO) and the other is heterozygous for type B (BO), what are the possible blood types of the offspring? a) only AB b) AB, A and B c) only O d) AB, A, B and O
20) Which of the following statements is not true of DNA a) It is made of 4 nitrogen bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine) b) it is a double helix shape c)it contains information for protein synthesis d) it provides energy for most chemical reactions in the cell
21) Energy from food is made available to cells by the process of cellular respiration. In this process, carbon dioxide and water are produced from the breakdown of a) minerals and vitamins b) ribonuclease c) glucose d) adenosine monophosphate
22) The Quabbin Reservoir, located west of Boston, is a major source of drinking water. If the water was tested for bacteria and was found to have a elevated E. coli count, this might indicate that a) the water is safe to drink b) the food chain has been extended to the microscopic level c) sewage may be entering the water d) the oxygen level is below normal
23)Which statement about cell theory is not accurate? A. Cells
vary in size but have the same shape.
B. All organisms are made of one or more cells. C. All cells carry on
their own life activities.
D. New cells arise from other living cells.
24) A student is asked to demonstrate that diffusion through a
membrane depends upon molecular
size and upon the concentration of molecules on each side of the
membrane. Which group of
materials is best used to help demonstrate these principles?
A. scalpel, heat source, probe, beaker, water, graduated cylinder,
balance
B. beakers, salt, Benedict's solution, microscope, iodine, forceps,
heat source
C. dialysis tubing, forceps, microscope, graduated cylinder,
iodine
D. beaker, iodine, dialysis tubing, sugar and starch solution,
Benedict's solution, heat source
25) The following sequence represents a food chain from the bottom to the top:
plankton --> krill--> squid --> penguins--> leopard seals --> orca whales
If squid were over-harvested by commercial fishing, which population of organisms would most likely increase? A. plankton B. krill C. penguins D. leopard seals
26) Which process utilizes energy from glucose to produce ATP?
A. transcription B. photosynthesis C. cellular respiration D.
transpiration
27. If an adult female shark has 20 chromosomes in each body cell, how many chromosomes would you predict to be present in each of her unfertilized egg cells? A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20
28) Which energy resource is not renewable? A. biomass energy B. geothermal energy C. solar energy D. fossil fuel energy
29) The pesticide DDT accumulates in the fatty tissue of animals and is transferred along food chains. DDT's concentration increases along each link of a food chain. Which of the following organisms would accumulate the highest concentration of DDT in a food chain?
A. corn (a producer) B. owl (a predator) C. rabbit (a herbivore) D. field mouse (a primary consumer)
30) The isotope of carbon, called carbon-14, can be used to date materials less than 50,000 years old. Which of the following could be dated using carbon-14?
A. Mesozoic plant fossils
B. trilobite fossils
C. dinosaur bones
D. human bones
31) The most external structure in a plant cell is the A.
mitochondria. B. centriole. C. cell membrane.
D. cell wall.
32) A major negative impact of the use of fossil fuels by industry is A. reduced productivity. B. increased unemployment. C. formation of acid rain. D. increased noise pollution.
33) In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white (b). Two black guinea pigs are mated. Most of the offspring are black but some are white. The ratio of black-coated offspring to white-coated offspring was 3:1. In this cross, the parental genotypes were most likely
A. BB bb.
B. Bb Bb.
C. Bb bb.
D. BB Bb.
34) The size of a population in a community is limited by a) carrying capacity of ecosystems b) density of the decomposer population c) increase in the birth rate over immigration d) seasonal times of interbreeding
35) A pollutant has been dumped into a local pond. At which feeding level would you expect to find the highest concentration of pollutant? a) producer b) herbivore c) carnivore d) decomposer
36) According to the graphs, there were fewer squirrels per square mile in 1995 than in 1990. Based on the information in the graphs, the most likely reason for the change in squirrel population is that
a) less food was available for squirrels in 1995
b) more food was available for squirrels in 1995
c) there were fewer predators in 1995
d) there were more predators in 1995
37) The ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is responsible for both suntans and sunburns. Many scientists believe that the levels of ultraviolet radiation reaching earth's surface will increase because
a) of increased atmospheric levels of CO2 b) of the breakdown of the ozone layer c) the sun is emitting more ultraviolet radiation d) of the increased us of radios and TV
38) Which graph shows a population in ecological balance with the carrying capacity of its environment
39) Which of the following would likely be increased by clear-cutting (cutting all the trees in a large forested area) a forest? a) erosion only b) runoff only c) silt in stream only d) erosion, runoff and silt in stream
40) Which of the "greenhouse" gas(es) is a result of technology
and not the result of natural processes
a) carbon dioxide b) nitrogen oxides c) chlorofluorocarbons d) sulfur
oxides
41) Which organism serves as the primary producer in an aquatic
food chain? a) algae b) Daphnia
c) minnows d) bass
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