Biology-Mr. Willets
Mid Term Exam Review
The following terms are likely to appear on the mid term exam. They are grouped (sort of) by each topic we covered.
Hypothesis / variable / Double Blind Exp
Resolution / magnification
Organisms / maturity-reproduction / development / assimilation / adaptation / autotroph / heterotroph
Colloids / organic-inorganic / carbon atoms in chains or rings / carbon atoms-4 bonds
Carbohydrates / CHO / 2-1 / glucose / C6H12O6 / energy
Lipids / CHO / saturated-unsaturated (amount of H)
Proteins / amino acids / dipeptides /polypeptides / CHON
enzymes / shape/ Lock and Key
Dehydration synthesis-puts molecules together / hydrolysis- breaks a molecule apart
nucleus- control / ER-move materials around / chloroplast (Ps) / chromatin (DNA) /
mitochondria (respiration) / cell membrane (semi-permeable) / ribosome (protein synthesis) /
cell wall (plants) / prokaryotic (simple) / eukaryotic (more complicated)
Homeostasis-biological balance-stable internal environment / Diffusion (high to low) / osmosis (diffusion of water) / isotonic / turgor pressure / wilting / phagocytosis-large particles brought in / contractile vacuole-water removed / active transport (uses cell energy)
ATP/ADP energy storage and release- add and remove the third phosphate
Photosynthesis- fixes carbon - makes food - makes PGAL which is turned into glucose
uses carbon dioxide and water / releases oxygen by splitting water
NADP (Niacin )stores H / chlorophyll (green) captures light energy / other pigments- yellow and orange
Respiration- burns food - release energy- stores it in ATP
Anaerobic- 2 ATP- fermentation (alcoholic-yeast or lactic acid- sour milk, muscle pain)
Aerobic- 38 ATP - glycolysis / Krebs Cycle / electron transport chain
DNA- A,G,C,T Sugar and phosphate / replication / genetic code- order of bases on DNA
m-RNA (copy of the code) t-RNA (carries amino acids) codon(3 bases) / anti-codon(tRNA)
Mitosis(full set) / meiosis(half set) cytokinesis (cytoplasm divides)
diploid(2 of each pair) / haploid (one of each pair)
Sexual / asexual development / cleavage / blastula
Genetics- very little