Notes H- Virus/Bacteria/Protists

I. Viruses-

a) not considered to be alive but related to life- Alive? Not Alive?

b) protein coat / nucleic acid core

c) virus attaches to host cell / nucleic acid enters / takes over host cell/ makes new viruses

d) viruses are specific for the host cell they can infect- shape

A. Domain Archaea- Archaebacteria

1) very primitive - related to oldest forms of life

2) can live in harsh places- hot springs, Great Salt Lake etc.

B. Domain Bacteria

1) common bacteria

2) most are saprophytes- eat dead material and cause decay- recycle

3) some are parasites and cause disease

4) Shapes coccus, bacillus, spirillum

5) Prefixes- diplo, strepto, staphylo

III. Domain Eukarya- organisms with eukaryotic cells

A. Protist Kingdom

1) Protozoans-

a)unicellular,

b)heterotrophic

c) once part of animal kingdom

d) many are zooplankton

e) 4 types based on movement

1) Ameba- moves by changing shape- pseudopod, phagocytosis

2) Ciliates - move using cilia

3) Flagellates- move using flagella

4) Sporozoans- don't move- parasites- ex. Malaria

2) Algae

a) mostly unicellular- some colonial

b) autotrophic- photosynthesis Algae produce food for organisms in the water

and release large quantities of oxygen for the world

c) used to be in plant kingdom

d) many are symbiotic- lichen

e) many are phytoplankton

f) several types based on color

g) large algae are the seaweeds- used for food by people

B. Fungus Kingdom

1) all heterotrophic

2) most are multicellular

3) secrete enzymes to digest food- absorb digested food-

4) most are saprophytes- feed on dead material- cause decay- recycle.

5) reproduce sexually and by spores- part you see produces the spores

6) parasitic fungi- athlete's foot, ringworm and several plant parasites

7) molds, mildews, mushrooms etc

8) some fungi produce antibiotics which can kill bacteria and other fungi