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Biology CP-Mr.Willets
Answer these questions as assigned. Do not lose this sheet.
1) Homeostasis can be described by what two word phrase? _________________________ Cells maintain homeostasis as a result of the ___________________________ letting only certain things in and out.
2) Generally, __________________ molecules are more easily able to pass through the cell membrane.
3)________________solvent molecules (even large ones) can pass through the cell membrane quickly because they can ____________________ their way through.
4) Cells store glucose by joining them to form __________________________. These larger molecules cannot ____________________________
5) Many food molecules must be __________________ before they can be used because they are too
_______________ to enter the blood and get into our cells.
6)Molecules are always _____________________Molecules tend to move from areas of _______________________________ to areas of _________________________________. This movement is called ______________________ When the molecules are evenly spread out, they have reached ____________________________
7) When molecules move in or out of a cell by diffusion, it is ______________________ transport since the cell does not use energy to make this happen.
8) The process of water moving through a cell membrane by diffusion is called ____________________
9) If a cell is in an isotonic solution, the percentages of water inside and outside the cell are ___________
In this case, water _____________ and _____________ the cell at ____________ rates.
10)Human body cells are surrounded by what isotonic solution? ________________ What is the name of the isotonic solution used to replace body fluid or used during operations? ________________________
11) If a cell is in hypotonic solution, there is a __________________ percentage of water outside the cell. In this case, water _______________ faster than it ______________. The pressure that builds up inside the cell because of this is called ____________________________
12) In hypotonic solution, plants cells do not burst because of their _________________________ Unicellular organisms (like the ameba) in hypotonic solution have what cell organelle to pump out the excess water? ______________________________ What is it called when a cell bursts due to water entering?___________________ What environment is hypotonic to one celled organisms?__________________
13)_______________________ is when a plant loses turgor pressure in its cells. To keep lettuce, celery etc. crisp (non-wilted), supermarkets often spray them with _______________
14) Fresh water fish live in what kind of solution?_______________________ Water cannot enter the fish through its _______________ but can enter through its _______________ What part of their body pumps out the excess water?___________________________
15) Penicillin weakens the _______________________ of bacteria so that water that enters can cause the cell to __________________
16) If a cell is in hypertonic solution, there is a greater percentage of water ______________ the cell. In this case, water ________________ faster than it __________________ This could cause the cell to _____________________ What is this called? ______________________________
17) If you watered your plants with salt water, what would happen to the cells in the roots? ________________________ What is this called? ___________________ This can also happen if you use too much of what product? __________________________
18) Meat can be kept from spoiling by adding lots of ________________. This was called __________________________. This created a _______________________ solution and caused any bacteria or fungus cells to _________________ and die.
19) Gargling with ___________________ can reduce ___________________
20) When carrier proteins speed up diffusion, it is called ______________________ diffusion
21) Membrane _______________ are proteins in the cell membrane that cause molecules to move from areas of ______________ concentration to areas of ____________ concentration. Because the cell uses ________________ to do this, it is called _______________ transport.
22) What general name is given to the process of moving large chunks of material in or out of a cell? ______________________ transport. Give an example of a cell in your body that moves large materials in by surrounding them._______________________ What is this process called? _________________________
23) The ________________________ vacuole is another example of bulk transport. In this case, large amounts of water are being moved __________ of the cell.
24) _________________ transport is when a cell uses energy to make materials enter or leave.
___________________ transport is when cells do not use energy to make materials enter and leave. With passive transport, the energy that makes the molecules enter or leave comes from the fact that the molecules are always __________________