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Biology -Mr.Willets
Resp Questions
These questions are to be answered as assigned. Do not lose this sheet.
1) Define respiration. __________________________________________________________
2) The common phrase that describes what happens during respiration is that you ________ your food
3) __________________________________ control respiration so that it can release energy a little at a time.
4) What cells or organisms don't respire? (sort of a trick question) ______________________
5) The two basic types of respiration are _____________________ and ____________________ The most obvious difference between them is that one uses ___________________ and the other doesn't.
6) Glycolysis is a process that breaks glucose down into ______________ acid and _______________ The hydrogen is stored on ________ Glycolysis releases enough energy for __________ATP
7) __________________________ is the process that combines the pyruvic acid and the hydrogen produced by glycolysis
8) One method of fermentation produces _______________ acid. This is used by certain ____________ that cause milk to _______________. This is also used by _____________ cells that are not getting enough _____________.
9) When lactic acid builds up in muscle cells, it causes a _________________ pain. Lactic acid also causes the pain of a ____________ attack when your heart muscles do not get enough _____________.
This happens when the ___________________ arteries become blocked.
10) Another method of fermentation produces ___________________ and __________________
This is used by ______________. We use yeast to make _________and __________.
11) The combination of glycolysis and fermentation is called __________________ respiration.
12) Either method of anaerobic respiration releases only enough energy for ________ATP.
13) The general equations for both examples of anaerobic respiration are:
______________ -----------> 2 _______________ + energy (___ATP)
______________ -----------> 2 _____________ + 2 ___________ + energy (____ATP)
14) Aerobic respiration is also called ______________________ respiration.
15) Cellular respiration starts with ___________________. This produces ______________ acid, some hydrogen (stored on ___________) and energy (___ATP)
16) The second step in cellular respiration is called the _______________ Cycle. In this cycle, pyruvic acid is broken down into ___________________ and _________________. The hydrogen is stored on either _________ or _________. What is released into the environment? ______________________
17) NAD is related to what vitamin? ___________ FAD is related to what vitamin? ________________
18) The Krebs cycle releases enough energy for _______ ATP.
19) The hydrogens that have been removed and stored on NAD or FAD have ________________ electrons.
20) The energy from these electrons is released as they pass from molecule to molecule along the ______________________________ chain.
21) The energy released is enough to form _______ATP.
22) At the end of the ETC, the hydrogens are combined with _______________ to form ___________
23) The Krebs Cycle and the ETC occur in the ________________________ of the cell.
24) The general equation for cellular respiration is:
_______________ + 6 _________ ---------> 6 _________ + 6 ________ + energy (___ATP)
25) What are the three parts to cellular respiration and for each one, how much ATP is produced?
a)__________________ - ______ATP b) ______________________ - _______ATP
c) __________________________ - _______ATP
26) Oxygen is needed in order to get rid of the ___________________ that were removed from the glucose.
27) In anaerobic respiration, hydrogens are not permanently removed and so no _________________ is needed. This, however, means that less ______________ is released.
28) Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic because during aerobic respiration, ___________________ are removed and eventually combined with oxygen.
29) Fats have more calories than carbohydrates. This means that when you "burn" them, they release more _________________ Fats have more calories because their molecules contain more ______________ than carbohydrates.
30) Before amino acids can be "burned", what atoms must be removed from the molecules? ____________ What is this process called? _______________________ The nitrogen removed is eliminated as nitrogen waste in various forms. Give an example of nitrogen waste. ________________
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