DNA & Protein Synthesis
I. See Protein Info Sheet
II. Genetic Code
a) This is the code that tells the cell what amino acids to put together in what order
b) This code is found along one side of DNA
c) This code is bases in groups of 3- called a codon
d) there are 64 possible codons
e) Eahc amino acid has at least one codon
f) some codons are start and stop codons
III. RNA- Ribonucleic Acid
RNA is similar to DNA except
a) RNA uses a different sugar - ribose
b) RNA is single sided
c) RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
IV. Messenger RNA
a) mRNA
b) mRNA is a complementary copy of the genetic code on DNA
c) mRNA is made by a process called transcription
d) transcription occurs in the nucleus
V. Transfer RNA
a) tRNA
b) A single strand coiled back on itself
c) One end of tRNA has a place for an amino acid to attach
d) The other end of tRNA has three bases sticking out- these are called an anti-codon.
VI. Translation
a) tRNA and mRNA are used to put the amino acid together
b) the anti-codon on tRNA lines up with the matching codon on mRNA
c) the tRNA has the correct amino acid attached to the other end
d) the amino acids join to form the protein
e) translation occurs at a ribosome.